IS THE FLOWER OF PULASAN (NEPHELIUM RAMBOUTAN-AKE) A PROTOGYNY OR PROTANDRY?

Authors

  • Nina Ratna Djuita Bogor Agricultural University
  • Alex Hartana
  • Tatik Chikmawati
  • Dorly Dorly

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32556/floribunda.v6i7.2021.359

Abstract

Pulasan is an androdioecious plant that has both male and hermaphrodite flowers on separate plants. The objectives of this study were to obtain data about the anatomical structure of pulasan flower and to investigate whether the pistil and the stamens of pulasan flower reach maturity at different times. The anatomical observation was done on compound flowers taken from three male trees and three hermaphrodite trees. Two compound flowers that still in buds, about to bloom and fully bloom were picked from each tree.  Flowers were observed in a cross and longitudinal section. The results showed that the sepals of pulasan flower comprised of the uniseriate epidermis and multilayered polyhedral parenchymal cells. Stamen development started from the anther followed by the formation of the filament. The pollen of hermaphrodite pulasan flowers reached maturation earlier than the pistil. The pistil development started from the expansion of meristem cells in the center of the flower and ends with the warp of the stigma.  

References

Bhandari NN. 1984. The Microsporangium. In: Johri BM (editor). Embryology of Angiosperms. New York (US): Springer-Verlag.

Bhojwani SS & Bhatnagar SP. 1996. The Embryology of Angiosperms. 5th Ed . Delhi (IN): Vikas Publishing House PVT Ltd.

Dellaporta SL & Calderon-Urrea A. 1993. Sex determination in flowering plants. Plant Cell. 5:1241–1251.

Djuita NR, Hartana A, Chikmawati T & Dorly. 2016. Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh.) fruit trees: variations in flower morphology, and associated differences in pollination type. Int J Plant Biol. 7:1–6.

Fahn A. 1991. Anatomi Tumbuhan. Soediarto A, Koesoemaningrat RMT, Natasaputra M, Ak-mal H (penerjemah); Tjitrosomo SS (editor). Yogyakarta (ID): Gadjah Mada Univ Pr. Terjemahan dari: Plant Anatomi. Ed ke-3.

Furness CA & Rudall PJ. 2004. Pollen aperture evolution a crucial factor for eudicot success? Trends Plant Sci. 9(3):154–158.

Gallardo A, Ocete R, Loppez MA, Lara M & Rivera. 2009. Assesment of pollen dimor-phism in populations of Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi in Spain. Vitis. 48(2): 59–62.

Johansen DA. 1940. Plant Microtechnique. New York (US): McGraw-Hill.

Karkare-Khushalani I & Mulay BN. 1964. Studies in Sapindaceae, I. Embryology of Dodonaea viscosa. [Internet]. [diunduh 2016 Mar 12]. Tersedia pada: http//www.zobodat.at/pdf/ PHY_11_1_2_0083-0092.pdf.

Leenhouts PW. 1986. A taxonomic revision of Nephelium (Sapindaceae). Blumea 31: 373–436.

Lim TK. 2013. Edible Medicinal and Non Medicinal Plants. New York (US): Springer.

Perveen A & Qaiser M. 2007. Pollen flora of Pakistan-LIII. Verbenaceae. Pak J Bot. 39(3): 663–669.

Seibert B. 1992. Nephelium L. In: Verheij EWM, Coronel RE (editor). Plant Resources of South Asia. No 2. Edible Fruits and Nuts. Bogor (ID): Prosea Foundation.

Soltis SM & Ferrucci MS. 2009. Morphoanatomy and ontogeny of the floral nectarines of Car-diospermum grandiflorum and Urvillea chacoensis (Sapindaceae). Ann Bot Fennici. 46: 485–495.

Soltis SM, Galati B & Ferrucci MS. 2010. Microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis of Cardiospermum grandiflorum and Urvillea cha-coensis (Sapindaceae, Paullinieae). Aust J Bot. 58(7) 597–604.

Wang X. 2010. The Dawn Angiosperms: Uncovering the Origin of Flowering Plants. Heidelberg (DE): Springer.

Downloads

Published

2021-10-30

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

> >>