KEANEKARAGAMAN PETAI DI SUMATRA BAGIAN TENGAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32556/floribunda.v6i8.2022.329Keywords:
Parkia speciosa, Petai “Papan”, petai Sumatera.Abstract
Petai tersebar di Indonesia termasuk di Sumatra bagian Tengah. Keanekaragaman petai di wilayah ini belum banyak diungkapkan. Penelitian ini mengamati keanekaragaman morfologi petai yang tersebar di Sumatra bagian Tengah. Sampel dikoleksi dari 9 lokasi di provinsi Sumatra Barat, Riau, dan Jambi. Sebanyak 29 aksesi tumbuhan petai (ZH1-29) diamati 38 ciri morfologinya, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis fenetik menggunakan metode Unweighted Pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Petai dari wilayah ini tersusun atas dua jenis yaitu Parkia singularis Miq. dan P. speciosa Hassk. Petai bervariasi pada 9 ciri penting yaitu bentuk ujung dan pangkal anak daun; panjang tangkai polong; bentuk dan ukuran polong; jumlah biji per polong, jarak antar biji, jarak biji ke tepi polong, dan ketebalan kulit. Analisis keserupaan mengelompokan semua aksesi petai jenis P. speciosa dan memisahkan dari jenis P. singularis. P. speciosa dikelompokkan lebih lanjut sesuai dengan kultivar lokal yang dikenal masyarakat. Dua kultivar lokal memiliki ciri unggul yaitu Petai Papan dan Petai Papan1. Kunci dan deskripsi dari masing-masing nama lokal petai disediakan.References
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